Kashgar

喀什

An ancient Silk Road oasis city in far western Xinjiang, famous for its vibrant bazaars, Id Kah Mosque, and preserved old town with traditional mud-brick architecture. This is the cultural heart of Xinjiang and a gateway to Central Asia with centuries of history as a major trading hub.

Things to do

• Id Kah Mosque — Visit one of China's largest mosques, featuring stunning Islamic architecture and a vast courtyard that hosts thousands of worshippers during Friday prayers.
• Kashgar Old Town — Wander through labyrinthine mud-brick streets lined with traditional homes, craft shops, and teahouses that preserve centuries of Uyghur architecture and daily life.
• Sunday Livestock Market — Experience the chaotic energy of Central Asia's largest animal bazaar where herders trade horses, donkeys, and sheep against a backdrop of mountain landscapes.
• Abakh Hoja Mausoleum — Explore this ornate 17th-century Islamic tomb complex featuring intricate tilework and serving as a spiritual site connected to the legendary Fragrant Concubine legend.
• Kashgar Night Bazaar — Browse vibrant evening street stalls selling textiles, spices, handicrafts, and souvenirs while sampling street food and absorbing the bustling Silk Road atmosphere.
• Apak Hoja Museum — Learn about Kashgar's Islamic history and regional culture through exhibits housed in this beautifully preserved historic residence with traditional courtyards.

Food to try

• Laghman — Hand-pulled noodles served in a savory broth with tender lamb, peppers, and tomatoes, representing Uyghur comfort food at its finest.
• Samsa — Crispy fried pastry triangles filled with seasoned ground meat and onions, commonly sold at street stalls and bazaar food stands throughout the city.
• Polo (Pilaf) — Fragrant rice cooked with carrots, lamb, and spices in a traditional method, often served at family gatherings and bazaar restaurants as a celebration dish.
• Naan Bread — Thick, tandoor-baked bread with sesame seeds and cumin, fresh from street vendors' clay ovens and best eaten warm with meat or vegetables.
• Kebab (Shashlik) — Grilled meat skewers seasoned with cumin and chili, sold at night bazaar stalls and street corners, embodying Central Asian street food culture.
• Dumplings (Manti) — Steamed pockets filled with meat and onions, often topped with yogurt and spiced sauce, representing the city's connection to broader Silk Road cuisines.

Local customs & good to know

• Dress Respectfully — Wear modest clothing covering shoulders and knees, particularly when visiting mosques or the old town, to show respect for Uyghur Islamic traditions.
• Learn Basic Uyghur Phrases — Locals appreciate visitors who attempt greetings like 'Assalamu Alaikum' (peace be upon you) and other courtesies, as Uyghur is the primary language in markets and old town.
• Respect Photography Boundaries — Always ask permission before photographing people, especially women and in religious settings, as privacy and religious sensitivities are deeply valued.
• Embrace Bazaar Etiquette — Haggling is expected and enjoyable in markets; arrive with patience, accept tea offered by shopkeepers as part of the social exchange, and avoid rushing transactions.