Shikoku

四国

History

Shikoku, Japan's smallest main island, has been inhabited since prehistoric times and developed as an agricultural center during the feudal period under various daimyo rulers. The island was historically divided into four provinces, which is reflected in its name meaning 'four countries.' During the Edo period, Shikoku remained relatively isolated from central Japanese politics, allowing its local culture and traditions to flourish independently. The modern era brought industrial development and improved transportation links, though the island has maintained much of its traditional character compared to more urbanized regions.

Culture

Shikoku is most famous as the home of the Shikoku Pilgrimage, a 1,200-kilometer sacred Buddhist circuit visiting 88 temples that has attracted pilgrims for centuries and remains a deeply spiritual journey. The island is known for its distinctive Awa Odori dance festival in Tokushima, featuring energetic group performances that draw thousands of visitors annually. Traditional crafts such as indigo dyeing and pottery production continue to thrive in local communities, reflecting Shikoku's strong connection to artisanal heritage and rural lifestyles.

Language

The Shikoku dialect, particularly the Awa dialect of Tokushima, preserves older Japanese linguistic features and can be quite distinct from standard Japanese. Useful phrases include 'Awa Odori e iku' (going to see the Awa Odori) and 'henro michi' (pilgrimage trail), terms deeply embedded in local culture and conversation.

Best time to visit

October through November provides pleasant temperatures and clear skies.

Places to visit

Where to eat