Eastern Highlands
History
The Eastern Highlands region of Papua New Guinea has been inhabited for thousands of years by Melanesian peoples who developed distinct highland societies organized around tribal and clan systems. The region remained relatively isolated from the outside world until European contact in the early 20th century, when Australian colonial administrators and missionaries began establishing a presence. The mountainous terrain and dense rainforests created natural barriers that preserved unique cultural practices and languages among the highland communities. Independence from Australia in 1975 brought the Eastern Highlands into the modern nation-state, though traditional customs continue to shape daily life in many communities.
Culture
The Eastern Highlands is known for its vibrant sing-sings, elaborate festivals where groups gather in colorful traditional dress, face paint, and feathered headdresses to perform tribal dances and songs. The region maintains strong customary practices including bride price exchanges, initiation ceremonies, and intricate weaving and woodcarving traditions that reflect each community's ancestral heritage. Highland societies place great value on communal gatherings, storytelling, and the exchange of shell money and other prestige items as markers of wealth and social status.
Language
Tok Pisin serves as the lingua franca across the Eastern Highlands, though numerous indigenous languages including Tairora, Gende, and Kamano are spoken by local communities. Useful phrases in Tok Pisin include 'Gutpela moning' for good morning and 'Tenk yu' for thank you, which facilitate basic communication with both local people and other visitors to the region.
Best time to visit
Visit during the dry season from May to October for pleasant mountain weather and cultural festivals.
Places to visit
- Goroka — The capital of Eastern Highlands Province, Goroka is a vibrant highland city known as the cultural heart of Papua New G…
- Mount Hagen — A major highland city and gateway to the region, Mount Hagen sits at 1,677 meters elevation in a stunning mountain vall…
- Crater Mountain Wildlife Management Area — A pristine rainforest reserve rich in biodiversity, including rare birds of paradise and endemic species found nowhere…
- Kundiawa — A smaller highland town serving as an important cultural and economic center between Goroka and Mount Hagen. The town p…
- Okapa — A remote highland town in the eastern reaches of the province, offering a genuine look at traditional Papua New Guinean…
- Asaro Valley and Mudmen — Home to the famous Asaro Mudmen, a tribal group known for covering themselves in mud and creating distinctive masks in…
- Eastern Highlands Rainforest — The lush tropical rainforest covering the Eastern Highlands region is home to exceptional wildlife and plant diversity,…
- Keglsugl Village — A traditional highland village near Goroka offering authentic encounters with local communities and their customs, craf…
- Goroka Produce Market — A vibrant and colorful market in central Goroka where local highlanders sell fresh produce, handicrafts, and traditiona…
Where to eat
- The Ponderosa (Australian/International, Goroka Central). Order: Grain-fed beef steak with local vegetables.
- Bird of Paradise Hotel Restaurant (PNG/International, Goroka Central). Order: Kundu fowl with sweet potato and greens.
- Kalimantan Cafe (Indonesian, Goroka Central). Order: Beef satay with peanut sauce.
- Mama's Kitchen (PNG Local, Goroka Market Area). Order: Mumu (earth oven) with taro and pork.
- Coffee & Coconut (Cafe/Light Meals, Goroka Central). Order: PNG highland coffee with fresh croissant.
- Henganofi Lodge Restaurant (PNG/International, Kainantu Rural). Order: Fresh trout with local greens.
- Summit Restaurant (PNG/International, Kundiawa Central). Order: Simbu pork with sweet potato.
- Market Garden Diner (PNG Local, Kundiawa Central). Order: Taro and coconut curry.
- Asaro Guesthouse Dining (PNG Traditional, Asaro Valley). Order: Mudmen-style vegetable bundles in coconut milk.
- Okapa Highland Bistro (PNG/Asian Fusion, Okapa Central). Order: Highland vegetables with spiced coconut broth.
- Gembogl Junction Cafe (PNG/International, Gembogl Central). Order: Sago with local fish.
- Lufa Highland Lodge Restaurant (PNG Traditional, Lufa Rural). Order: Traditional mumu feast with village vegetables.
- Ialibu Trading Post Diner (PNG Local, Ialibu Central). Order: Pit pit (fern) with pork.
- The Highlander's Table (PNG/Australian, Goroka Heights). Order: Coffee-rubbed kundu fowl with native pepper.