Machu Picchu

The iconic 15th-century Inca citadel perched high in the Andes mountains is one of the world's most breathtaking archaeological sites. Most visitors reach it via the scenic train journey from the Sacred Valley, making it the region's most unforgettable experience.

Things to do

• Explore the Temple of the Sun — Visit this finely crafted stone temple with its distinctive curved wall, believed to be an astronomical observatory aligned with the winter solstice.
• Hike to Wayna Picchu — Climb the steep, narrow stone steps up this iconic mountain peak for panoramic views of the entire citadel and surrounding peaks.
• Tour the Intihuatana Stone — Examine this precisely carved stone pillar, thought to have served as a ritual stone or astronomical calendar for the Inca civilization.
• Walk through the Royal Residence — Discover the intricately fitted stone walls and chambers where Inca nobility once lived, showcasing advanced construction techniques.
• Visit the Temple of the Three Windows — Admire the three large trapezoidal windows that frame the surrounding mountains, representing a sacred Inca architectural style.
• Hike Machu Picchu Mountain — Take the alternative trail up this neighboring peak for different perspectives of the citadel and less crowded views than Wayna Picchu.

Food to try

• Ceviche de trucha — Fresh local mountain trout cured in lime juice with local chilies and served with corn and potatoes, reflecting Andean freshwater traditions.
• Quinoa soup — A hearty Andean soup made from native quinoa grain, vegetables, and local herbs that sustained Inca workers and still nourishes visitors today.
• Alpaca steak — Tender grilled alpaca meat seasoned simply to highlight its delicate flavor, a traditional protein source in the high Andes.
• Coca leaf tea — A soothing local tea made from coca leaves that helps with altitude acclimatization and is traditionally consumed throughout the Cusco region.
• Papa a la Huancaína — Boiled potatoes smothered in a creamy yellow sauce made from native chilies and cheese, a classic Peruvian dish with Andean roots.

Local customs & good to know

• Respect altitude sickness precautions — Machu Picchu sits at 7,970 feet elevation; allow time in Cusco to acclimatize before visiting and consider coca tea or medication to ease symptoms.
• Hire a licensed guide — Official guides provide crucial historical context about Inca construction methods and spiritual significance while respecting site preservation rules.
• Start early to beat crowds — Arrive at sunrise or with the first morning entry to experience the site's majesty before thousands of daily visitors arrive and fully appreciate its spiritual atmosphere.
• Wear sturdy hiking boots — The stone steps and steep terrain require proper footwear with good grip; many paths become slippery from morning moisture and heavy foot traffic.