Alexandria

الإسكندرية

Egypt's second-largest city and historic Mediterranean port, founded by Alexander the Great and home to the legendary ancient Library. Today it offers the Citadel of Qaitbay, beautiful corniche walks, and a cosmopolitan atmosphere blending ancient history with modern culture.

Things to do

• Citadel of Qaitbay — A 15th-century fortress built on the site of the ancient Lighthouse of Alexandria, offering stunning Mediterranean views and insights into Mamluk military architecture.
• Bibliotheca Alexandrina — A modern library honoring the ancient Library of Alexandria, featuring manuscripts, books, and rotating exhibitions on Egyptian and world history.
• Corniche Walk — A picturesque waterfront promenade stretching along the Mediterranean coast, perfect for sunset strolls, people-watching, and enjoying sea breezes.
• Catacombs of Kom el Shoqafa — A sprawling underground burial complex from the Roman period showcasing a blend of Egyptian, Greek, and Roman artistic traditions carved into rock chambers.
• Roman Amphitheater — A well-preserved Roman theater from the 2nd century CE featuring original marble seats and intimate acoustics, located in the Kom el Dikka archaeological site.
• Abu Qir Bay — A scenic coastal bay ideal for swimming, seafood dining, and viewing the site of Napoleon's historic naval defeat in 1798.
• Montaza Palace and Gardens — An opulent royal palace surrounded by lush botanical gardens overlooking the Mediterranean, offering a glimpse into Egyptian aristocratic life.

Food to try

• Sayyadiyah — A traditional Alexandrian rice dish layered with fresh fish, topped with crispy fried onions and served with a tangy tomato sauce—a specialty reflecting the city's fishing heritage.
• Fresh Grilled Seafood — Whole fish, shrimp, and squid grilled over charcoal at waterfront restaurants along the corniche, typically seasoned simply with lemon, garlic, and olive oil.
• Falafel and Koshari — Crispy chickpea fritters and the iconic Egyptian street food of lentils, rice, and pasta topped with tomato sauce and vinegar, available at casual eateries throughout the city.
• Pastirma Sandwich — Thinly sliced cured beef with distinctive spice coating, served in fresh pita bread with tomatoes and pickles—a quick, satisfying local favorite.
• Umm Ali — A warm, indulgent dessert of layered pastry, nuts, coconut, and milk—traditionally eaten after Ramadan iftar meals and available year-round at cafes.

Local customs & good to know

• Dress respectfully at religious sites — Visitors entering mosques or attending religious observances should wear modest clothing covering shoulders and knees, and women may be asked to wear headscarves.
• Ramadan customs — During Ramadan, many restaurants close during daylight hours and the city transforms with evening festivities; be respectful of fasting locals and enjoy the vibrant nighttime atmosphere.
• Haggling at markets — Bargaining is expected and enjoyed at local souks and street stalls, but less so in modern shops; approaching negotiations with humor and patience is appreciated.
• Greetings and hospitality — Alexandrians are warm and welcoming; accepting tea or coffee when offered is polite, and using Arabic phrases like 'Salam Alaikum' (peace be upon you) shows respect and openness.