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Kurzeme

History

Kurzeme, known historically as Courland, was long inhabited by the Baltic Curonians who gave the region its name and resisted outside domination for centuries. After the Livonian Confederation collapsed in the 16th century, the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia emerged as a notable vassal state that even pursued brief colonial ventures in the Americas and Africa. The region later fell under Russian imperial control before becoming part of independent Latvia in the 20th century. During World War II it became the site of the Courland Pocket, where German forces held out until the war's very end.

Culture

Kurzeme has a strong seafaring and fishing character shaped by its long Baltic coastline, with old ports like Liepaja and Ventspils and small fishing villages preserving distinct local traditions. The region is home to the Livonians, a Finnic people whose coastal heritage, songs and crafts add a unique layer to Latvian culture. Amber gathered from the sea, wind-swept beaches and rustic manor houses all contribute to the region's distinctive identity.

Language

Latvian is spoken throughout Kurzeme, often in a western dialect, and the endangered Livonian language survives along the coast; a friendly "Labdien" (good day) and "Paldies" (thank you) are always welcome.

Best time to visit

Summer for the windswept Cape Kolka, seaside towns, and fishing villages.

Places to visit

Where to eat